THE MAIN ACTIVE METHODOLOGIES AS A PEDAGOGICAL TOOL IN THE ASTRONOMY TEACHING PROCESS
Keywords:
Astronomy Teaching, Active methodologies, Meaningful learningAbstract
This study is the result of a master’s dissertation defended in 2023 and aimed to map master’s dissertations and doctoral theses defended between 2000 and 2021 that addressed the use of active methodologies in Astronomy Teaching in Basic Education. Throughout history, astronomical phenomena have been used by humanity as references for the construction of temporal, spatial, and cultural patterns, contributing to the organization of daily life and to the production of new scientific knowledge. In this context, Astronomy Teaching plays a relevant role in students’ education, as it enables the understanding of scientific processes, the evolution of human thought, and the relationships between science, technology, and society. Given this scenario, the adoption of teaching methodologies that promote meaningful, contextualized learning and that are appropriate to students’ realities becomes essential. The research was developed using the State of Knowledge methodology, conducting a systematic survey of academic productions that investigated the use of active methodologies as pedagogical tools in the teaching and learning of Astronomy in Basic Education. Data analysis sought to identify the number of published studies, the methodologies employed, and the impacts of these strategies on the educational process. The results revealed a low level of academic production on the topic over the two decades analyzed, showing that only from 2017 onward did studies emerge that effectively employed active methodologies focused on Astronomy Teaching. In total, only 12 studies met the established criteria. Among the methodologies identified, Peer Instruction stood out as the most frequently used, being characterized as a pedagogical approach based on social interaction, active student participation, and the promotion of meaningful learning. It is concluded that the use of active methodologies in Astronomy Teaching is still incipient in the Brazilian educational context, representing a promising and fertile field for the development of future research and innovative pedagogical practices.
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